Phonograph or P Line (℗) identifies the rights owner of a sound recording track. Who is distributing an Album should own or license these rights, usually Record Labels.
Copyright or C Line (©) identifies the composition and lyrics rights owner of a song. Usually songwriters, but you can find Record Labels (usually from Majors) when they acquire the composition. If you're a Record Label but you don't own the copyright, you can fill C Line with Artists Names.
Suggested formats:
When artist only grants exploitation rights:
- ℗ 2021 Zil Artist, under exclusive license to Zil Label
- © 2021 Zil Artist, under exclusive license to Zil Label; Zil Artist, under exclusive license to Zil Label 2 in the USA
When artist grants Recording ownership:
- ℗ 2021 Zil Label
- © 2021 Zil Artist
When artist grants Recording and Composition ownership:
- ℗ 2021 Zil Label
- © 2021 Zil Label
Learn about the importance of P Line and C Line and how they identify rights owners for sound recordings and compositions.
Written by Santiago Güerci
Updated over 5 months ago