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P Line and C Line, what are these?
P Line and C Line, what are these?

Learn about the importance of P Line and C Line and how they identify rights owners for sound recordings and compositions.

Santiago Güerci avatar
Written by Santiago Güerci
Updated over a week ago

Phonograph or P Line (℗) identifies the rights owner of a sound recording track. Who is distributing an Album should own or license these rights, usually Record Labels.

Copyright or C Line (©) identifies the composition and lyrics rights owner of a song. Usually songwriters, but you can find Record Labels (usually from Majors) when they acquire the composition. If you're a Record Label but you don't own the copyright, you can fill C Line with Artists Names.

Suggested formats:

When artist only grants exploitation rights:

- ℗ 2021 Zil Artist, under exclusive license to Zil Label
- © 2021 Zil Artist, under exclusive license to Zil Label; Zil Artist, under exclusive license to Zil Label 2 in the USA

When artist grants Recording ownership:

- ℗ 2021 Zil Label
- © 2021 Zil Artist

When artist grants Recording and Composition ownership:

- ℗ 2021 Zil Label
- © 2021 Zil Label

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